🔲 Logic Gates

📖 The Physics

Logic gates are the tiny decision-makers inside every digital device (each built from transistors). A gate takes one or two binary inputs (0 = low, 1 = high) and gives a single output.

Each gate follows one fixed rule, summed up in its truth table — the complete list of "for these inputs, this output".

Flip the inputs and watch the output bulb. NAND and NOR are called "universal" gates because you can build any other gate — and a whole computer — out of them alone.